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Hartley transform - Orthogonal Frequency

Discrete Hartley transform - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing underwater acoustic communication system based on complex-to-real conversion


In this paper, we propose a Complex-to-Real Transformation (C2RT) for Discrete Hartley Transform Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DHT-OFDM) in underwater acoustic communication system. C2RT is an efficient system modulation scheme based on the principle of index modulation. Traditional DHT-OFDM systems only support modulation and demodulation in the real domain, which limits the use of high-order phase modulation.
 
This restriction makes it difficult to improve communication rates and bandwidth utilization. C2RT is an effective solution to this problem. By incorporating this algorithm into DHT-OFDM system, high-order phase modulation can be achieved while maintaining the system's real-valued characteristics. Additionally, due to the sparsity of its output sequence, C2RT provides higher transmission accuracy compared to direct transmission schemes.

The experimental verifies that the DHT-OFDM system proposed in this paper can be applied to 300 m and 5 km underwater acoustic transmission with less error bits. This makes the proposed C2RT DHT-OFDM method a promising approach for enhancing underwater communication technologies.

System performance analysis


Compared to traditional DFT-OFDM systems, the DHT-OFDM system proposed in this study, which incorporates time-domain equalization, is shown to exhibit improvements in terms of spectral efficiency, communication rate, and energy efficiency. A comparative analysis of these key parameters is provided below.

A measured pool channel was utilized for the simulation channel, and the impulse response of the channel is shown in Fig. 5. Bit error rate simulations were conducted based on the pool channel, with the system bandwidth set at 9-15 kHz, a sampling rate of 48 kHz, and 1024 subcarriers.
A comparison was made between the BPSK communication method in the DHT-OFDM system, which does not employ complex-to-real transformation, and the methods using complex-to-real transformation with QPSK, 8QAM.

This paper introduces a novel underwater acoustic DHT-OFDM system based on complex-to-real conversion, elaborating on the specific principles of DHT-OFDM and the real-to-complex conversion algorithm. Through simulation and empirical validation, the system's accuracy in underwater acoustic channels has been demonstrated to surpass that of conventional OFDM systems. Not only does the system benefit from computational simplicity and reduced hardware design costs, but it also enhances communication.

wireless communication, distributed sensing, energy efficiency, fault tolerance, data aggregation, real-time monitoring, scalability, sensor nodes, multi-hop routing, coverage optimization, localization, self-organization, adaptive protocols, IoT integration, reliability, latency reduction, heterogeneous sensors, mobility support, cluster-based routing, environmental monitoring,

#WirelessSensorNetworks, #IoT, #SmartCities, #SensorNodes, #DataAggregation, #WSN, #EnergyEfficiency, #RoutingProtocols, #RealTimeMonitoring, #DistributedSensing, #EdgeComputing, #NetworkScalability, #ClusterRouting, #SensorDeployment, #AdaptiveProtocols, #EnvironmentalMonitoring, #LatencyReduction, #SmartAgriculture, #IoTIntegration, #FaultTolerance

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