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Reflective Hybrid Sensor

A Reflective Hybrid Sensor for Dual-parameter Measurement of Refractive Index and Temperature


A reflective hybrid sensor for simultaneous measurement of refractive index (RI) and temperature is proposed and demonstrated. The sensor is constructed by cascading a tapered singlemode fiber-nocore fiber-singlemode fiber (TSNS) structure and an Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI). The characteristic peaks or dips corresponding to TSNS and FPI can be identified from the reflected composite spectrum, which gives rise to the direct interrogations of TSNS and FPI for RI and temperature.
 
An ultrahigh RI sensitivity up to 1145.9 nm/RIU is obtained by tapering the nocore fiber; while the temperature sensitivity is available to be 193 pm/°C due to the excellent thermal response property of UV glue that seals the FPI air cavity. The sensor is featured with ability of dual-parameter measurement, high sensitivity, easy fabrication and ultralow cross-sensitivity, which makes it attractive in RI-based chemical and biological sensing applications.

Structure and principle

The schematic diagram of the proposed hybrid sensor structure is presented in Fig. 1. (a). A TSNS structure and an FPI are concatenated in a fiber, where d denotes the waist diameter of tapered NCF; L and L1 represent the length of tapered NCF and FPI cavity, respectively. The FPI is formed by inserting the right SMF of TSNS structure and another segment of SMF at both ends of HCC. When light is injected into NCF from lead-in SMF, a number of higher-order modes are excited due to the core.
Fig. 9 presents a schematic diagram of the experimental setup, consisting of a broadband light source (BBS, NKT Photonics, SuperK Compact), an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA, Anritsu, MS9740A), and a circulator. We prepared ten groups of glycerol solutions for RI sensing test. The RI of the glycerol solutions were calibrated by an Abbe refractometer at room temperature of 20 °C. After each test, the whole sensor was carefully cleaned with deionized water to eliminate the residual liquid.
In summary, we have proposed and demonstrated a reflective sensor for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature by cascaded TSNS and FPI, which results in a reflective probe configuration that is conductive for the application in liquid environment. The TSNS and FPI respond independently to RI and temperature, respectively, implying an ultralow cross-sensitivity. Experimental results show that the hybrid sensor offers a maximum RI sensitivity of 1145.9 nm/RIU.

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